孔挤压强化对2124铝合金疲劳寿命及微观组织的影响

采用疲劳试验、透射电镜、扫描电镜及X射线衍射仪等方法研究了2124-T851铝合金厚板不同参数孔挤压强化后疲劳寿命与显微组织的变化。结果表明：孔挤压强化后试样的疲劳寿命先随挤压量的增大而升高，随后又迅速降低，挤压量为0.4 mm时疲劳寿命达到峰值，较未强化增加12.66倍；组织观察结果表明孔挤压强化后，在孔壁强化层内形成了位错胞状结构和残余压应力，并且随挤压量增大先迅速增加然后趋于平缓，强化层的形成可以有效延缓疲劳裂纹的扩展速率；同时，适当的孔挤压强化可改善表面粗糙度，降低裂纹萌生几率，从而提高材料的疲劳寿命。     

不同温度下TC21钛合金等离子表面渗Cr层的摩擦磨损性能

为提高TC21合金的摩擦磨损性能，采用双辉等离子冶金技术在TC21合金表面制备渗Cr改性层，利用扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope,SEM),能谱仪(Energy dispersive spectromenter,EDS),显微硬度仪和划痕仪等研究了渗Cr层的组织形貌特征、硬度及结合强度，并 在20,300,500 ℃条件下使用摩擦磨损试验机对基体及渗Cr层的摩擦磨损性能进行对比、探究，并分析磨损机理。结果表明：渗Cr层厚度为30μm，均匀致密，与基体结合力至少能承受64 N的垂直载荷；改性层表面硬度超过1 000 HV0.1，约为基体的3倍；TC21合金渗Cr后，不同温度下的减摩性能和耐磨性能均得到提高。在室温下TC21基体磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损，而渗Cr层的磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损；500 ℃时基体粘着磨损和氧化磨损程度变得更加严重，渗Cr层磨损机理是剥层磨损和氧化磨损。      

Evolution of periodic orbits near the Lagrangian point L2

A study of the evolution of the periodic and the quasi-periodic orbits near the Lagrangian point L₂, which is located to the right of the smaller primary on the line joining the primaries and whose distance from the more massive primary is greater than the distance between the primaries, in the framework of restricted three-body problem for the Sun–Jupiter, Earth–Moon (relatively large mass ratio) and Saturn–Titan (relatively small mass ratio) systems is made. Two families of periodic orbits around the smaller primary are identified using the Poincaré surface of section method – family I (initially elliptical, gradually becomes egg-shaped with the increase in the Jacobi constant C and elongated towards the more massive primary) and family II (initially egg-shaped orbits elongated towards L₂ and gradually becomes elliptical with the increase in C). The family I in the Sun–Jupiter and Saturn–Titan systems contains two separatrix caused by third-order and fourth-order resonances, while the Earth–Moon system has only one separatrix which is caused by third-order resonances. Also in the Sun–Jupiter and the Saturn–Titan systems, family I merge with family II, around Jacobian constant 3.0393 and 3.0163, respectively, while in the Earth–Moon system, family II evolves separately from two different branches. The two branches merge at C = 3.184515. In the Earth–Moon system, the family II contains a separatrix due to third-order resonances which is absent in the other two systems.     

多操纵面飞翼构型飞机舵面故障在线诊断方法

舵面故障会影响飞机的操纵性,为实现飞机的控制重构需在线诊断出舵面的故障信息.针对多操纵面飞翼构型飞机,提出了一种在线诊断其舵面故障的方法.飞翼构型飞机舵面故障在线诊断需辨识的操纵导数个数较多,直接使用最小二乘法难以精确辨识得到各操纵导数.基于限定记忆最小二乘法,采用分组辨识法对飞机的操纵导数进行辨识,减少了每次辨识操纵...     

折叠翼飞行器发射段鲁棒非线性控制系统设计

为解决折叠翼飞行器在发射段各项特性变化较大、对飞行控制律鲁棒性要求较高的问题,设计了一种以块控反步法为基础的自适应鲁棒非线性控制器.在发射段动态模型基础上,该控制器采用径向基函数( RBF)神经网络自适应逼近飞行器特性变化时的系统未知不确定性和干扰,通过在虚拟控制律中引入动态面控制技术避免多重微分运算,克服了传统反步法...     

高升阻比自然层流翼型多点/多目标优化设计

研究并发展了一套进行高升阻比自然层流翼型多设计点/多设计目标的优化设计方法。为减少设计中的计算量,使用了XFOIL程序进行流场计算。使用基于响应面方法的优化方法进行最优化计算,并使用了不含二阶交叉项的二阶多项式模型作为响应面模型,大大减少了构造模型所需的试验次数,使进行更多设计变量和多点设计成为可能。试验点的选择满足D-优化准则。研究了设计点及目标函数的选择,进行了单点/单目标及多点/多目标的设计,结果表明:多点/多目标设计可以很好的改善单点设计中非设计点性能变差的缺点,设计结果有工程实用价值。     

来流条件对热流组分扩散项影响效应分析

使用数值模拟的方法研究了高超声速热化学非平衡流动中不同来流条件对热流组分扩散项的影响。以RAM-CII飞行试验外形为例,使用AUSM+-up格式耦合LU-SGS方法求解带化学反应源项的多组分NS方程。得到如下结论:在非平衡热环境数值模拟研究中,完全催化壁时组分扩散项热流所占比率表征了壁面催化效应的强弱;在同一高度下,随着马赫数升高热流组分扩散项比例越来越显著,而马赫数相同时,随着高度增高热流组分扩散项所占比例越来越小,主要原因在于当地化学反应进行程度不同。     

螺旋锥齿轮齿面误差分析与自动反馈修正

基于齿面检测信息,识别并分析了齿面误差及其影响因素,推导出了机床运动参数与齿面误差的映射关系;开发了齿面误差自动识别系统来自动确定误差类型及机床运动参数修正项;建立了四轴联动数控铣齿机运动修正模型,通过数值优化计算实现了机床运动参数的自动修正,并经由测量加工网络完成了修正参数至数控机床的自动反馈.实验及应用表明,通过齿...     

机头顶点对战斗机大迎角航向气动特性影响研究

就机头微扰动、表面粗糙度、机头顶点形状等因素对战斗机大迎角航向气动特性的影响进行了试验研究。结果表明：大迎角下飞机的航向气动特性对机头表面粗糙度和顶点形状较敏感,不同表面粗糙度和不同机头顶点形状使飞机大迎角下的侧向力和偏航力矩有较大差异,圆头机头对消除和控制飞机在大迎角下的侧向力和偏航力矩效果明显;机头颗粒和顶点细微不对称对大迎角下飞机的航向气动特性微扰动作用明显,使大迎角偏航力矩方向和极值基本确定。     

Surface Roughness Effects on Vortex Torque of Air Supported Gyroscope

In order to improve the drift precision of air supported gyroscope, effects of surface roughness magnitude and direction on vortex torque of air supported gyroscope are studied. Based on Christensen’s rough surface stochastic model and consistency transformation method, Reynolds equation of air supported gyroscope containing surface roughness information is established. Also effects of mathematical models of main machining errors on vortex torque are established. By using finite element method, the Reynolds equation is solved numerically and the vortex torque in the presence of machining errors and surface roughness is calculated. The results show that surface roughness of slit has a significant effect on vortex torque. Transverse surface roughness makes vortex torque greater, while longitudinal surface roughness makes vortex torque smaller. The maximal difference approaches 11.4% during the range analyzed in this article. However surface roughness of journal influences vortex torque insignificantly. The research is of great significance for designing and manufacturing air supported gyroscope and predicting its performance.